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Materials North America

Copper and Brass Sales

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Brass Alloys

Brass is an alloy composed primarily of copper and zinc, with varying proportions to achieve desired properties. This versatile metal is highly valued for its malleability, excellent corrosion resistance, and attractive golden color. Brass exhibits good electrical and thermal conductivity, making it an essential material in electrical components, musical instruments, plumbing fittings, and decorative art pieces. Its ductility allows it to be easily shaped into intricate designs, while its workability and low friction make it a preferred choice for fittings and valves. Brass has been a popular material since ancient times, appreciated for its durability and aesthetic appeal. With a wide range of applications in various industries, brass continues to be a fundamental metal choice that combines functionality and beauty.

Product Properties

chemical Properties

Alloy Trade Name Cu Fe Pb Zn Sn Others P Mn Ni Si Al
Commercial Bronze, 90%
89.0-91.0
0.05
0.05
Rem.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Red Brass, 85%
84.0-86.0
0.05
0.05
Rem.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Cartridge Brass, 70%
68.5-71.5
0.05
0.07
Rem.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
62.0-65.0
0.07
0.07
Rem.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Low Leaded Brass (Tube)
65.0-68.0
0.07
.25-.7 (.20 for O.D. > 5")
Rem.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
62.0-65.0
0.15
1.5-2.5
Rem.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
High Leaded Brass, 62%
60.0-63.0 (61.0 min. for rod)
.15 (.10 for flat products)
1.5-2.5
Rem.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Free Cutting Brass
60.0-63.0
0.35
2.5-3.7
Rem.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Architectural Bronze
55.0-59.0
0.35
2.5-3.5
Rem.
0.3

-
-
-
-
-
Naval Brass, uninhibited
59.0-62.0
0.1
0.2
Rem.
.5-1.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
Naval Brass, High Leaded
59.0-62.0
0.1
1.3-2.2
Rem.
.5-1.0
-
-
-
-
-
-
Phosphor Bronze, 5% A
Rem.
0.1
0.05
0.3
4.2-5.8
-
.03-.35
-
-
-
-
Phosphor Bronze, B-2
Rem.
0.1
3.5-4.5
1.5-4.5
3.5-4.5
-
.01-.50
-
-
-
-
High Silicon Bronze, A
Rem.
0.8
0.05
1.5
-
-
-
.50-1.3
0.6
2.8-3.8
-
-
58.0-63.0
0.5
.40-3.0
Rem.
0.3
-
-
2.0-3.5
0.25
.50-1.5
0.25
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

mechanical Properties

Alloy Form Size Temper Tensile Strength, ksi Yield Strength, ksi Elongation in 2 Inches, %
Flat Product
0.04
0.05
37
10
45
Flat Product
0.04
0.015
41
15
42
Flat Product
0.04
Quarter Hard
45
35
25
Flat Product
0.04
0.035
38
12
45
Flat Product
0.04
0.025
39
14
44
Flat Product
0.04
Half Hard
52
45
11
Flat Product
0.04
Extra Hard
67
58
4
Flat Product
0.04
Spring
72
62
3
Flat Product
0.25
0.035
38
12
50
Flat Product
0.04
As Hot Rolled
39
14
44
Flat Product
0.04
Hard
61
54
5
Flat Product
0.25
As Hot Rolled
37
10
45
Flat Product
0.25
Half Hard
52
45
15
Flat Product
-
0.035
41
14
46
Flat Product
0.04
0.07
39
10
48
Flat Product
-
0.025
43
16
44
Flat Product
-
Quarter hard
50
39
25
Flat Product
-
Hard
70
57
5
Flat Product
-
0.05
40
12
47
Flat Product
-
0.015
45
18
42
Flat Product
-
Extra Hard
78
61
4
Tube
1.0 in. OD x .065 in. Wall
0.05
40
12
55
Flat Product
-
Half Hard
57
49
12
Tube
1.0 in. OD x .065 in. Wall
0.015
44
18
45
Tube
1.0 in. OD x .065 in. Wall
Light Drawn (15%)
50
40
30
Flat Product
-
Spring
84
63
3
Pipe
.75 in. SPS
0.015
44
18
45
Tube
1.0 in. OD x .065 in. Wall
Hard Drawn (35%)
70
58
8
Flat Product
0.04
0.1
44
11
66
Flat Product
0.04
0.035
49
17
57
Flat Product
0.04
0.07
46
14
65
Flat Product
0.04
0.025
51
19
55
Flat Product
0.04
Half Hard
62
52
25
Flat Product
0.04
0.015
53
22
54
Flat Product
0.04
0.05
47
15
62
Flat Product
0.04
Hard
76
63
8
Flat Product
0.04
Spring
94
65
3
Flat Product
0.04
Quarter Hard
54
40
43
Wire
0.08
0.05
48
-
64
Flat Product
0.04
Extra Hard
86
65
5
Wire
0.08
0.025
52
-
58
Wire
0.08
0.015
54
-
56
Wire
0.08
0.035
50
-
60
Flat Product
0.04
Extra Spring
99
65
3
Wire
0.08
Eighth Hard
58
-
35
Wire
0.08
Quarter Hard
70
-
20
Tube
1.0 in. OD x .065 in. Wall
0.025
52
20
55
Wire
0.08
Extra Hard
124
-
4
Rod
1
0.05
48
16
65
Wire
0.08
Spring
130
-
3
Rod
1
Eighth Hard (6%)
55
40
48
Rod
1
Half Hard (20%)
70
52
30
Tube
1.0 in. OD x .065 in. Wall
0.05
47
15
65
Tube
1.0 in. OD x .065 in. Wall
Hard Drawn (35%)
78
64
8
Tube
1.0 in. OD x .065 in. Wall
0.05
47
15
60
Tube
1.0 in. OD x .065 in. Wall
0.25
52
20
50
Tube
1.0 in. OD x .065 in. Wall
Half Drawn (35%)
75
60
7
Flat Product
0.04
0.035
49
17
52
Flat Product
0.04
Half Hard
61
50
20
Flat Product
0.04
Extra Hard
85
62
5
Flat Product
0.04
Quarter Hard
54
40
38
Rod
1
Half Hard (20%)
58
45
25
Flat Product
0.04
Hard
74
60
7
Rod
0.25
Half Hard (25%)
68
52
18
Rod
1
Soft Anneal
49
18
53
Rod
2
Half Hard (15%)
55
44
32
Rod
1
Half Hard (20%)
58
45
25
Plate
1
As hot Rolled
54
20
45
Shapes
1
M30
60
20
30
Flat Product
0.04
Quarter Hard
70
58
17
Flat Product
0.25
Soft Anneal
58
25
49
Flat Product
0.04
Light Anneal
62
30
40
Flat Product
0.25
Light Anneal
60
28
45
Rod
0.25
Quarter hard (10%)
70
48
25
Rod
0.25
Soft Anneal
58
27
45
Flat Product
1
As Hot Rolled
55
25
50
Rod
1
Soft Anneal
57
25
47
Rod
0.25
Half Hard (20%)
80
57
20
Rod
1
Half Hard (20%)
75
53
20
Rod
1
Light Annealed
63
30
40
Rod
0.25
Light Anneal
63
30
40
Rod
2
Quarter Hard (8%)
67
40
35
Rod
1
Quarter Hard (8%)
69
46
27
Rod
2
Light Anneal
62
28
43
Rod
2
Soft Anneal
56
25
47
Rod
1
Soft Anneal
57
25
40
Rod
1
Quarter Hard (8%)
69
46
20
Rod
1
Half Hard (20%)
75
53
15
Flat Product
0.04
0.035
49
20
58
Flat Product
0.04
0.015
53
22
50
Flat Product
0.04
0.05
47
19
64
Flat Product
0.04
Extra Hard
92
80
6
Flat Product
0.04
Half Hard
68
55
28
Flat Product
0.04
Hard
81
75
10
Flat Product
0.04
Spring
100
80
4
Flat Product
0.04
0.025
50
21
52
Rod
0.5
Half Hard (20%)
75
65
25
Wire
0.08
Quarter Hard
68
60
24
Wire
0.08
Half Hard
85
80
8
Rod
1
Half Hard (20%)
70
58
25
Flat Product
0.04
Extra Spring
1107
80
3
Wire
0.08
0.035
50
20
58
Wire
0.08
Spring
140
-
2
Wire
0.08
Hard
110
-
5
Wire
0.08
Extr hard (75%)
130
-
3
Flat Product
0.04
0.035
44
19
50
Flat Product
0.04
Half Hard
58
40
24
Rod
1
Hard (25%)
68
57
20
Rod
0.5
Hard (35%)
75
63
15
Flat Product
0.04
0.07
56
21
63
Flat Product
0.04
0.035
60
25
60
Flat Product
0.04
0.015
63
30
55
Flat Product
0.04
Quarter Hard
68
35
30
Flat Product
0.04
Half Hard
78
45
17
Flat Product
0.04
Hard
94
58
8
Flat Product
0.04
Extra Hard
104
60
6
Rod
1
Half Hard (20%)
78
45
35
Rod
1
Hard (36%)
92
55
22
Rod
1
0.05
58
22
60
Flat Product
0.04
Spring
110
62
4
Rod
1
Extra Hard (50%)
108
60
13
-
-
-
75
55
15

physical Properties

Alloy Melting Point, Liquidus (°F) Melting Point, Solidus (°F) Density, 68°F (Lb/In³) Coefficient Of Linear Thermal Expansion, 68 - 572°F (x 10⁻⁶/°F) Thermal Conductivity, 68°F (Btu/Ft²/Ft/Hr/°F) Electrical Conductivity, Annealed, 68°F (%IACS) Specific Heat, 68°F (Btu/Lb/°F)
1910
1870
0.318
10.2
109
44
0.09
1880
1810
0.316
10.4
92
37
0.09
1750
1680
0.308
11.1
70
28
0.09
1720
1660
0.307
11.2
67
26
0.09
1670
1630
0.306
11.3
67
26
0.09
1650
1630
0.307
11.4
67
26
0.09
1690
1610
0.306
11.6
71
28
-
1650
1630
0.304
11.8
67
26
0.09
1650
1630
0.305
11.8
67
26
0.09
1920
1750
0.32
9.9
40
15
0.09
1830
1700
0.321
9.6
50
19
0.09
1880
1780
0.308
10
21
7
0.09
-
-
0.3
-
-
-
-

fabrication Properties

Alloy Machinability Rating (Free Cutting Brass = 100) Soldering Brazing Oxyacetylene Welding Gas Shielded Arc Welding Coated Metal Arc Welding Spot Seam Butt
20
E
E
G
G
NR
NR
NR
G
30
E
E
G
G
NR
F
NR
G
30
E
E
G
F
NR
G
NR
G
60
E
G
F
F
NR
F
NR
F
90
E
G
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
F
100
E
G
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
F
30
E
E
G
F
NR
G
F
G
70
E
G
NR
NR
NR
NR
NR
F
20
E
E
F
G
F
G
F
E
80
E
G
NR
NR
Nr
NR
NR
F
30
G
E
G
E
F
E
E
E
Jump to a specific alloy

220

C220 is also called 90/10 Commercial Bronze. This alloy contains 10% max lead, iron, and zinc aids in ductility, excellent malleability, strength, and hardness, anti-galling, and corrosion resistance.

Shapes Offered


230

C230 Brass Alloy is also known as 85/15 Red Brass with 85% copper and the remaining 15% max lead, iron, and zinc. It has high resistance to season cracking and pitting. C230 can be easily soldered, brazed, cold worked, hot formed, and has excellent corrosion resistance. Due to color, it is popularly used in outdoor architectural applications.

Shapes Offered


260

C260 is also called 70/30 Cartridge Brass and is the most ductile of the brasses and is used in greater quantity than any other copper-zinc alloy. It can be easily soldered, brazed, and cold worked. C260 has excellent to good corrosion resistance in most environments but not suitable to use with certain materials such as acetic acid, moist ammonia or ammonia compounds, hydrochloric acid, and nitric acid.

Shapes Offered


272

C272, also called Yellow Brass due to its color thanks to the 35% composition of lead, iron, tin, and zinc. C272 has greater strength and hardness as compared to purer copper alloys. This alloy has an excellent rating for cold working but is not good for hot working.

Shapes Offered


314

C314 Leaded Commercial Bronze combines the natural corrosion resistance of C220 with the machinability typical of leaded brasses. It has 9% zinc plus approximately 2% lead for free-machining characteristics. The alloy has excellent electrical and thermal conductivity. C314 is highly rated for soldering, brazing, and cold working but not recommended for hot forming.

Shapes Offered


330

C330 is a low leaded yellow brass with 35% composition of lead, iron, and zinc. Only produced in tube form, it is highly rated for soldering, brazing and cold working. Due to lead content, welding is not recommended.

Shapes Offered


353

C353 has a copper content like free machining brass C360 but with only 2% lead. The chemistry gives the alloy an increased hardness and rigidity but limits ductility. The alloy is highly ranked for soldering and brazing and has a 90% machinability rating. It is not recommended for welding.

Shapes Offered


360

Brass alloy 360 is considered the bread and butter of the screw machine industry. C360 free cutting brass has a machinability rating of 100%. This is due to the up to 3.1% lead allowing for high speeds and feeds. C360 has high rankings for soldering and brazing but is not recommended for welding.


385

Alloy C385 is considered bronze with lead, iron, and trace amounts of zinc. Known as an architectural bronze alloy, it is similar to 360 brass with a 90% machinability rating. It is rated excellent for hot working but poor for cold forming and is not recommended for welding.


464

Called Naval Brass, this alloy has zinc and tin added for improved corrosion resistance in marine applications. Noted for its resistance to wear, fatigue, galling and stress corrosion cracking. C464 has excellent properties for soldering, brazing and hot forming. While it can be moderately cold worked, C464 only has a machinability rating of 30% (compared to 100% for 360 brass).


485

Known as high leaded naval brass, C485 has zinc, tin, iron, and lead for improved machinability (rated 70% vs. 464’s rating of 30%). Noted for resistance to corrosion in marine applications, wear, fatigue, galling and stress corrosion cracking. While C485 has an excellent rating for soldering, good for brazing and hot forming, it is not recommended for cold forming or welding.

Shapes Offered


510

C510 Phosphor Bronze 510 is alloyed with tin, phosphorus, zinc, iron, and lead. Phosphorus bronze alloys are notable for toughness, strength, and good conductivity. C510 has an excellent rating for soldering, brazing and cold working. However, it is not recommended for hot forming and only has a machinability rating of 20%. Welding suitability depends upon the technique applied.

Shapes Offered


544

C544 Phosphor Bronze contains higher amounts of lead, tin, zinc, and phosphorus. These higher levels increase strength, corrosion resistance, and wear resistance. Also, the high lead content yields a machinability rating of 80% but is not recommended for welding.

Shapes Offered


655

C655 High Silicon Bronze is a popular bronze alloy due to its high strength, corrosion resistance to most acids, alkalis, salts, and other chemicals. C655 has excellent hot and cold workability and is highly rated for multiple welding methods.

Shapes Offered


693

C693 is a “lead free” alternative to C360 free machining brass with only 0.09% max lead and added silicon for lubricity. The alloy has a machinability rating of 85%, however, due to the silicone levels, the generated scrap must be segregated and cannot be recycled with C360 and other brass alloy scrap.

Shapes Offered


863

Manganese Bronze C863 offers high strength and durability and the ability to operate under high loads and speeds. While C863 has good corrosion resistance, it has poor ratings for multiple welding techniques and a low machinability rating.

Shapes Offered


27450

C27450 is a low lead alternative to C360 free machining brass with 0.25% max lead. Unlike C693, the scrap generated from machining C27450 can be recycled with C360 and other brass alloys. While the alloy has a 70% machinability rating and an excellent rating for cold working, hot forming, soldering, and brazing, C27450 has limited welding techniques suitability.

Shapes Offered


71580

Locate a product of this alloy in our product selector tool and learn more on the product details page.

Shapes Offered


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